Tajweed Rules
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Isti'adhah and Basmalah
Al-isti'adhah (seeking refuge in Allah) is a sunnah when beginning recitation, and its wording is: «أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم».
Tajweed Rules
The rules of tajweed with examples from the Qur'an.
19 articlesRecent articles
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Guttural Idhhar (Izhhar Halqi)
Pronouncing the sakinah nun or tanwin clearly, from its point of articulation, without an audible ghunnah (nasal sound), when it is followed by one of the six guttural…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Idgham with Ghunnah
If, in a separate word, one of the letters of «يَنْمُو» (ya, nun, mim, waw) follows the sakinah nun or tanwin, the nun is merged (idgham) into it while the ghunnah is…
Tajweed Rules
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Idgham without Ghunnah
If the letter lam or ra follows the sakinah nun or tanwin, the nun is fully merged into it without ghunnah, and this only occurs between two separate words.
Tajweed Rules
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Iqlab
Converting the sakinah nun or tanwin into a concealed mim when it meets the letter ba, while observing the ghunnah for the duration of two harakahs; it has only one…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
True Ikhfa (Ikhfa Haqiqi)
Pronouncing the sakinah nun or tanwin in a manner between idhhar (clear pronunciation) and idgham (merging), free of shaddah (doubling), while the ghunnah is retained…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Labial Ikhfa (Ikhfa Shafawi)
One of the rulings of the sakinah mim: if the letter ba follows it, it must be concealed with a labial concealment (ikhfa shafawi), with ghunnah for the duration of two…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Labial Idgham (Idgham Shafawi)
If a moving (voweled) mim follows the sakinah mim, the first is merged into the second with ghunnah for the duration of two harakahs, becoming a single doubled (shaddah)…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Labial Idhhar (Izhhar Shafawi)
If any letter other than ba and mim follows the sakinah mim, the mim must be pronounced with a clear labial idhhar, without ghunnah.
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Natural Madd
The madd (prolongation) without which the letter itself cannot stand, and which does not depend on a hamzah or a sukun; it is prolonged for the duration of two harakahs.
Tajweed Rules
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Connected Madd (Madd Muttasil)
That a hamzah comes after a letter of madd within a single word; its ruling is obligatory, and it is prolonged for four or five harakahs whether continuing (wasl) or…
Tajweed Rules
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Separated Madd (Madd Munfasil)
That a letter of madd comes at the end of a word while the hamzah comes at the beginning of the following word; its ruling is permissibility, and according to Hafs via…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Madd for Incidental Stop (Madd 'Arid Lis-Sukun)
That an incidental sukun follows a letter of madd due to pausing at the end of the word; its ruling is permissibility, and shortening, medium length, or full length are…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Substitute Madd (Madd Badal)
That the hamzah precedes a letter of madd within a single word; its origin is two hamzahs, the second of which was replaced with a letter of madd.
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Necessary Madd (Madd Lazim)
That an original sukun, fixed both when continuing (wasl) and when pausing (waqf), follows a letter of madd; its ruling is obligatory necessity (luzum), and it must be…
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Qalqalah
The vibration/bouncing of the letter when it is pronounced sakin (with sukun) so that a strong echoing sound is heard from it.
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Rules of the Letter Ra (Heavy and Light Pronunciation)
The ra is pronounced heavy (mufakhkham) when it has fathah or dammah, or when it is sakin following a fathah or dammah.
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Rules of the Lam in the Name of Allah
The lam of the Name of Allah («الله») is pronounced heavy (mufakhkham) when preceded by a fathah or dammah, and light (muraqqaq) when preceded by a kasrah.
Tajweed Rules
1 min read
Tafkhim and Tarqiq (Heavy and Light Pronunciation)
Tafkhim (heaviness) is a fullness that enters the letter, so that the mouth is filled with its resonance, while tarqiq (lightness) is a leanness in which the mouth is…
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